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Enteric diseases are major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Developing socio-economic countries with poor drainage, sanitation along with overcrowding and low hygiene awareness account for majority of enteric infection incidences prevailing worldwide. These diseases usually exhibit mild symptoms but if not treated on time can lead to severe complications resulting into death. In order to manage these diseases effectively, their early detection is essential. Various enteric diseases responsible for diarrhea, stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, weight loss and fever are amebiasis, giardiasis, rotavirus infection, salmonellosis and shigellosis.
Traditionally, diagnosis of enteric infections was relied on culture results of fecal specimen. Today, the world is witnessing a paradigm shift from culture to EIA (enzyme immunoassaya) and PCR (polymerase chain reaction) based tests owing to advantages associated with these newer testing methods. EIA and PCR tests offer enhanced sensitivity and specificity compared to culture tests and also give quick results. Globally the market for enteric disease testing is growing at a CAGR of 2.4% under the influence of rising awareness, demand for point of care testing and increasing application of molecular diagnostics. Use of molecular diagnostic products has made diagnosis easy and possible even those strains which once seems to be difficult and impossible. North America and Europe represents the largest regional markets because of rapid demand for molecular based diagnostics and due to high level of awareness among people about the diseases. C.difficile infection is one of the major causes of antibiotic related diarrhea in developed regions.
Various epidemiological sources including CDC and American Association for Clinical Chemistry suggest that C.difficile infection incidence per 100,000 people has increased over the past few decades in United States. In developing nations, frequent travelling to regions where enteric diseases are epidemic is also one of the reasons driving the market growth. Asia-Pacific and Africa have been predicted to grow rapidly during the forecast period. In developing nations of Asia-pacific, Africa and Latin America, the market is also growing due to advent of rapid dipstick tests which can be applied by patient itself. These regions associated with inadequate healthcare infrastructure do not posses substantial number of laboratories to perform laboratory based tests.
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Thus rapid dipstick test kits being inexpensive and easy to use are widely accepted in these regions for managing enteric illness. Continuously improving economy and rising healthcare expenditure in these regions are also anticipated to drive the market. The market is also growing due to emergence of new strains; sources from Eurosurveillance suggest that the norovirus infection is increasing worldwide including United Kingdom, the Netherlands, France, Japan and Australia due to emergence of new strain of genotype II.4 (GII.4) that is also known as Sydney strain.
Some of the major companies leading the market for enteric disease testing are DiaSorin, Cepheid, Bio-Rad, Trinity Biotech, Biomerica, Becton Dickinson, Meridian Bioscience, Alere and bioMerieux.
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